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Calf of Man ((マン島語:Yn Cholloo)), sometimes known as the Calf of Mann, is a island (almost 1 square mile), off the southwest coast of the Isle of Man.〔(Manx Heritage website - Visiting the Calf of Man page )〕〔(BBC Isle of Man website )〕〔(Manx Heritage website - Land and Sea page )〕 It is separated from the Isle of Man by a narrow stretch of water called the Calf Sound. Like the nearby rocky islets of Chicken Rock and Kitterland, it is part of the parish of Rushen. It has only two seasonal inhabitants. The word 'calf' derives from the Old Norse word ''kalfr'' which means a small island lying near a larger one. It is possible to reach the Calf of Man by boat from both Port Erin and Port St Mary. Cow Harbour and South Harbour are the main landing places. The highest part of the island is in the west where an unnamed peak reaches 415 feet (128 metres) above sea level. Until 1939 the island was under private ownership by the Keig family, but the island was purchased by Mr F J Dickens of Silverdale, Lancashire who then donated it to the National Trust to become a bird sanctuary. In 1951 the Manx National Trust was established, which became Manx National Heritage. In 2006 Manx National Heritage employed the charity Manx Wildlife Trust as the Calf Warden Service Provider, but it retains ownership. The island has been a bird observatory since 1959 and welcomes visits from volunteers and ornithologists. The observatory is able to accommodate up to eight visitors in basic self-catering accommodation which can be booked through Manx National Heritage. The Calf of Man and its offshore rocks have no fewer than four lighthouses: two lighthouses were built in 1818 by Robert Stevenson to warn mariners of the hazards of the Chicken Rocks off the south end of the Calf. These were replaced in 1875 by a lighthouse built on the Chicken Rocks themselves. In 1968, a third lighthouse was built on the Calf after a severe fire destroyed the Chicken Rocks light. The Chicken Rocks lighthouse was later rebuilt.〔Coakley, F. (2001) (Calf of Man Lights ) and (Chicken Rock Light ), both in: ''A Manx Notebook: An electronic compendium of matters past and present connected with the Isle of Man'', (14 may 2007 )〕 There are two minor, unfenced roads on the island and two very short streams. Between the Isle of Man and the Calf is the islet of Kitterland, while the islets of and The Stack lie close to the Calf's shore. The southern shore of the island encloses a small bay called The Puddle. Almost a mile southwest of the Calf is Chicken Rock, the most southerly part of the Isle of Man's territory. Calf of Man is home to a breeding population of Manx shearwaters, a seabird which derives its name from its presence in Manx waters. The Calf of Man also has a large colony of seals which live and breed on the rocky coastline. == References == * Ralph Phillips. Modern British Locals Catalogue. Part I () (title from CD-ROM label). (): British Locals Philatelic Agency, 2015, updated frequency. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calf of Man」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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